Durability of Authoritarianism
Topic: To what extent does rentierism help account for the durability of authoritarianism across much of the MENA region?IntroductionThis essay will examine the relatability of rentierism and sustaining authoritarian regimes in the MENA countries. The introduction will include a piece of background information on the middle east countries and the path of work throughout the essay. The introduction aims to provide a comprehensive background on the mechanisms and arrangements of an authoritarian regime at the political, economic and social levels, which by nature involves rent-seeking parties within these levels.Main body (Analysis):In the analysis, the theories of renterism will be explained. The second part will assume the validity of the renteir state theory and compare rich rentiers and poor rentier states within the MENA region at the political, economic and social level to realise the extent of rents role in sustaining the regimes. The last part will be dedicated to analysing the opposing views of the rentier state theory, and its link to authoritarianism and democratisation.Conclusion:The conclusion will summarise the arguments, theories and main findings of the essay. From the conclusion of the analysis, I believe that the essay will achieve two main findings based on the rich rentier and poor rentier categories the analysis defined. The final results will give a clear opinion on the extent of rentiersim effect on the sustainability of authoritarian regimes across MENA region states.Bibliography:Slater, D., & Fenner, S., 2011. STATE POWER AND STAYING POWER: INFRASTRUCTURAL MECHANISMS AND AUTHORITARIAN DURABILITY. Journal of International Affairs, 65(1), pp. 15-29.. Available at:httpHYPERLINK”http://www.jstor.org/stable/24388179″://www.jstor.org/stable/24388179KING, S.J., 2007. Sustaining Authoritarianism in the Middle East and North Africa. Political science quarterly, 122(3), pp. 433-459. Avaialable at:httpHYPERLINK”http://www.jstor.org/stable/20202887″://www.jstor.org/stable/20202887Mahdavy, H., 1970. The Patterns and Problems of Economic Development in a Rentier Stare: The Case of Iran. In M. A. Cook (Ed.), Studies in Economic History of the Middle East. London: Oxford University Press.Ross, M., 1999. The Political Economy of the Resource Curse. World Politics, 51(2), pp. 297-322. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054077BEBLAWI, H., 1987. THE RENTIER STATE IN THE ARAB WORLD. Arab Studies Quarterly, 9(4), pp. 383.Ross, M., 2001. Does Oil Hinder Democracy? World Politics, 53(3), pp.325-361. Available at: http://www.jHYPERLINK “http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054153″stor.org/stable/25054153Peters, A.M. & Moore, P.W., 2009. Beyond Boom and Bust: External Rents, Durable Authoritarianism, and Institutional Adaptation in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Studies in comparative international development, 44(3), pp. 256-285.CHUGRANIS, A.J., 2016. After rentierism? Examining the rentier states of Egypt and Tunisia in light of the Arab Spring and its wake, The William Paterson University of New Jersey.Schwarz, R., 2008. The Political Economy of State-Formation in the Arab Middle East: Rentier States, Economic Reform, and Democratization. Review of International Political Economy, 15(4), pp. 599-621. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25261988.Morrison, K., 2009. Oil, Nontax Revenue, and the Redistributional Foundations of Regime Stability. International Organization, 63(1), pp. 107-138. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40071885.Hachemaoui, M., & O’Mahony, M., 2012. Does rent really hinder democracy? A critical review of the “rentier state” and “resource curse” theories. Revue Française De Science Politique (English Edition), 62(2), pp. 1-24. Available at:httpHYPERLINK”http://www.jstor.org/stable/revfranscipoleng.62.2.1”://www.jstor.org/stable/revfranscipoleng.Democracy index report 2020 available at: https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2020/
